The Oracle on Linux-libc5-Systems-Installation-Guide (Oct 1998)

My System is a Linux 2.0.35, Suse 5.1 with gcc 2.7.2.1 installed. I tried to install Oracle 8 for testing and ran in deep trouble during installation procedure since the Oracle Unix Installer relinks a lot of files and I had to link them again using glibc since they depend on it and call them resulted in a Segmentation fault after installation.

If you find any errors in this documents or got any ideas or suggestions please send me a mail to hans@tm.informatik.uni-frankfurt.de Also if it helps getting your oracle running, drop me a mail if you like for me to know my work was of any use. :-)

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Prerequesites:

• glibc2.0.7 (I use glibc2.0.7pre6)
• glibc plugins crypt, localedate, linuxthreads (I use glibc-crypt-2.0.6, glibc-linuxthreads-2.0.7pre6 and glibc-localedata-2.0.7pre3)

Pre-Installation:

Install glibc2-0-7 as root:

• unpack the glibc2.0.7 distribution and the corresponding plugins to e.g. /usr/local/src/glibc2.0.7
•         cd /usr/local/src
•         tar xvzf glibc2.0.7pre6.tar.gz
•         cd glibc2.0.7pre6
•         tar xvzf ../glibc-crypt-2.0.6.tar.gz
•         tar xvzf ../glibc-linuxthreads-2.0.7pre6.tar.gz
•         tar xvzf ../glibc-localedata-2.0.7pre3.tar.gz
• do a ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/glibc \
•     --enable-add-ons=linuxthreads,crypt,localedata
•     where /usr/local/glibc is the path where you want your glibc2 installed
• do a make this can take real long time (about 3 hours on my pentium 200MHz)
• do a make install
• do a ln -s /usr/local/glibc/lib/ld-linux.so.2 /lib/ld-linux.so.2
• edit your /etc/ld.so.conf file and add /usr/local/glibc/lib to the list of the paths
• do a ldconfig -v
• do a cp -r /usr/lib/gcc-lib/i486-linux /usr/local/glibc
• do a ln -s /usr/local/glibc/i486-linux \ /usr/lib/gcc-lib/i486-linuxglibc2
• do a cd /usr/lib/gcc-lib/i486-linuxglibc2/2.7.2.1
• edit the specs file and do the following
•     change /lib/ld-linux.so.1 to /lib/ld-linux.so.2.
•     remove all %{...:-lgmon} expressions from the file

Adding a group and account for Oracle, add root to group dba

• add a group dba to your system since it does not exists yet (addgroup dba)
• add a user oracle to your system sinc it does not exists (adduser oracle) for the following i will assume the home directory of oracle is /home/oracle
• add user root to group dba (usermod -G`groups`,dba dba) or edit /etc/group

Helping "Oracle Unix Installer" to link with the right libs:

        mv /usr/bin/gcc /usr/bin/gcc.glibc2
        mv /usr/bin/gcc.standard /usr/bin/gcc

So you can use your glibc2 installation for use with the Oracle Precompilers if you want to.  

• move your normal gcc to gcc.standard     mv /usr/bin/gcc /usr/bin/gcc.standard
• create a file called /usr/bin/gcc like:
•         #!/bin/bash
•         gcc -b i486-linuxglibc2 $@
• change permissions         chmod 0755 gcc

Setting up the Oracle User: 

• Login as user oracle
• Assuming you are using bash as the oracle users shell add the following in the oracle users .profile file:

            # make sure evereything could be found
            export PATH=/usr/local/glibc/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:\ /bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin

            # make sure this is unset bevor installing
            unset SRCHOME

            # directory for temporary installation files
            export TMPDIR=/tmp

            # to get rid of that ULIMIT warning message but make
            # sure you have about 300Megs of space left
            export ULIMIT=1000000

You have to replace /home/oracle to whatever you made oracle's home-directory and 8.0.5 with the version number of your oracle8 distribution
 

• Mount your cdrom or unpack the zipped tar file  (the following assume the oracle distribution under under /cdrom)

Main Installation:

• Select Custom Install
• Read the installer remarks
• Read the release notes
• Select Install, Upgrade, or De-Install Software
• Select Install New Product - Create DB Objects
• The next screen shows the ORACLE_HOME and ORACLE_BASE settings verify they are correct
• The next screen tells you where oracle installer will put the various log files
• Select Install from CD-ROM
• Now enter the planed name of your database (the follwoing assumes ORA1 for now)
• Select the native language for your database (e.g. German)
• You are now notified to which file oracle installer saves postinstall tasks, you should remember this because you have to run this manually after you finished Main Installation
• You now proceed to the Package Selection dialog you see to listboxes the left contains the packages you can install, the right the packages that are installed (should be empty for clean installation)
• Select the packages to install in the left box for a minimum use I suggest:

        Do not select the Oracle Server Documentation, since the installation will fail
        because of different filenames in the distribution and the installation files
        (maybe that is different with other distributions, anyone know more details ?)
 

• If you like it to be well informed go to the options dialog and activate everything
• Start the installation by selecting Install
• Confirm installation by selecting yes

Database Installation Dialogs:

- DBA Group Dialog

- OSOPER Group Dialog

Normally let this be dba.
If you like a different one here is what Oracle say about this parameter:

The OSOPER group grants restricted database privileges (such as starting up and shutting down the database) to members of a group other than the DBA group.
 

- Create DB Objects: Storage Type Dialog

Here you can decide wether to use raw device or files for your database to be created
I always use Filesystem-Based Database because i haven't enough raw devices left on my system and dont want to repartition my harddisk :-))
(anyone could tell about the Raw Device-Based Database installation ??)
 

- Create DB Objects (F/S): Control File Distribution Dialog

Here you can choose, if you would like to split the DB control files over three mount points. It might be safer to say yes here, i always say no for the above reasons :-)

- Mount Point Locator Dialog

Just enter the path where your database should reside remember user oracle must have write permission to the parent directory of this path
 

- Character Set Dialog

Specify the Character Set you want tu use with your database. Selecting Others... will allow to enter the name manually. For german use WE8ISO8859P1.
 

- National Character Set Dialog

Specify the Character Set you want tu use with your database.
Selecting Others... will allow to enter the name manually.
For german use WE8ISO8859P1.
 

- SYSTEM Password Dialog

Type the password for the DB-User SYSTEM, retype it
 

- SYS Password Dialog

Type the password for the DB User SYS, retype it
 

- dba Password Dialog

If you want to set passwords for user dba and operator say yes here otherwise say no
(since im lazy I say no)
 

- TNS Listener Password Dialog

Type the password for the TNS Listener, retype it
 
 

- Configure MTS and start SQL*Net listener? Dialog

If you would like listener to be started automatically say yes, otherwise no
(Every time I tried yes I got an error which is caused by a syntax error in the listener.ora file,
so I say no here and configure TNS-Listener afterwards)
 

- Create DB Objects(F/S): Control File Locator Dialog

You are asked if you would like to use the oracle installer default choice for the filenames, saying yes is easy and quick saying no allows you to change filenames.
 

- DB Defaults Dialog

You are showed the default settings and filenames for the database. maybe you like to remember them.
 

- Default Database Dialog

If you do not like the proposed settings select no and change the values accordingly, otherwise select yes
 
 

SQLPlus Installation Dialogs:

Select yes if you want the help command to work under sqlplus, otherwise say no here.
 

- Demo Tables

Say yes to load demo tables into your new database during installation, otherwise say no.
 
 
 

Post-Installation-Tasks:

• Log on as root
• Execute the postinstallation file $ORACLE_HOME/orainst/root.sh
• REMEMBER: move /usr/bin/gcc.standard to /usr/bin/gcc

Postinstall TNS-Listener:

• Log on as oracle
• Edit the listener.ora file under $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin  change (none) in the SID_LIST to the name of your database (ORA1)  Is this a bug in the Installation Routine or is it intentionally ?
• Log on as root
• Setting up the Oracle environment for user root e.g. do a source ~oracle/.profile
• Start the listener with $ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start
• Remember: you can get status information with $ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl status you can stop the listener with $ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop

Testing your Oracle Installation:

If there are no error messages you are able to start and stop your database.

Remember: You have to shutdown the database before you are shutting down your system.

- Start SQLPlus:    sqlplus
- Connect as system, password as you typed it during Main Installation.
- For example do a select * from sys.dba_users;
- exit

If there are no error messages it seems your database is up and  running.

What you maybe want to do

Starting and Shutting Oracle at System Boot/Shutdown

        #!/bin/sh
 
        case "$1" in
            'start')
                    echo "Starting Oracle Database"
                    su - oracle -c dbstart
                    su - oracle -c "lsnrctl start" ;;
            'stop')
                        echo "Stopping Oracle Database"
                        su - oracle -c dbshut
                        kill 'ps -ef | grep tnslsnr | grep -v grep |\ cut -c 9-14' ;;
                *)
                        echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/$0 { start | stop }"
            esac

REMEMBER: If you want to start more than one database you have to change this.
The only one thats started is the one mentioned in ~oracle/.profile

To activate this feature link this script to the appropriate runlevel directory. e.g:
        ln -s ../init.d/oracle /sbin/init.d/rc2.d/S99oracle
        ln -s ../init.d/oracle /sbin/init.d/rc0.d/K01oracle
will bring up oracle in runlevel 2.
 

Adding a user without database system privileges to the database:

Start sqlplus and connect as system.
The following sql commands will add a user to your database:
        create user  <username> identified by  <password>
        default tablespace users temporary tablespace temp;
        grant connect, resource to  <username>
Exit sqlplus
Start sqlplus and connect as <username>.
Everything should be allright.

--- THE END ---
last updated: 09.11.1998, HM